std::ranges::starts_with - cppreference.com

Defined in header

<algorithm>

Call signature

template<std::input_iteratorI1,std::sentinel_for<I1>S1,std::input_iteratorI2,std::sentinel_for<I2>S2,classPred=ranges::equal_to,classProj1=std::identity,classProj2=std::identity>requiresstd::indirectly_comparable<I1,I2,Pred,Proj1,Proj2>constexprboolstarts_with(I1first1,S1last1,I2first2,S2last2,Predpred={},Proj1proj1={},Proj2proj2={}); (1) (since C++23)template<ranges::input_rangeR1,ranges::input_rangeR2,classPred=ranges::equal_to,classProj1=std::identity,classProj2=std::identity>requiresstd::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,ranges::iterator_t<R2>,Pred,Proj1,Proj2>constexprboolstarts_with(R1&&r1,R2&&r2,Predpred={},Proj1proj1={},Proj2proj2={}); (2) (since C++23)template</*execution-policy*/Ep,std::random_access_iteratorI1,std::sized_sentinel_for<I1>S1,std::random_access_iteratorI2,std::sized_sentinel_for<I2>S2,classPred=ranges::equal_to,classProj1=std::identity,classProj2=std::identity>requiresstd::indirectly_comparable<I1,I2,Pred,Proj1,Proj2>boolstarts_with(Ep&&policy,I1first1,S1last1,I2first2,S2last2,Predpred={},Proj1proj1={},Proj2proj2={}); (3) (since C++26)template</*execution-policy*/Ep,/*sized-random-access-range*/R1,/*sized-random-access-range*/R2,classPred=ranges::equal_to,classProj1=std::identity,classProj2=std::identity>requiresstd::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,ranges::iterator_t<R2>,Pred,Proj1,Proj2>boolstarts_with(Ep&&policy,R1&&r1,R2&&r2,Predpred={},Proj1proj1={},Proj2proj2={}); (4) (since C++26)For the definition of /*execution-policy*/, see

this page

; for the definition of /*sized-random-access-range*/, see

this page

.

Checks whether the target range matches the prefix of the source range. The elements (projected by proj1 and proj2 respectively) are compared using the binary predicate pred.

1) The source range is [first1, last1), and the target range is [first2, last2).

2) The source range is r1, and the target range is r2.

3,4) Same as (1,2), but executed according to policy.

The function-like entities described on this page are

algorithm function objects

(informally known as niebloids), that is:

Explicit template argument lists cannot be specified when calling any of them.

None of them are visible to

argument-dependent lookup

.

When any of them are found by

normal unqualified lookup

as the name to the left of the function-call operator,

argument-dependent lookup

is inhibited.

Parameters

first1, last1 - the iterator-sentinel pair defining the source

range

first2, last2 - the iterator-sentinel pair defining the target

range

r1 - the source range r2 - the target range pred - the predicate to be applied to the (projected) elements proj1 - the projection to be applied to the elements in the source range proj2 - the projection to be applied to the elements in the target range policy - the

execution policy

to use Return value

true if the target range matches the prefix of the source range, false otherwise.

Complexity

Given

N1 as ranges::distance(first1,last1) or ranges::distance(r1), and

N2 as ranges::distance(first2,last2) or ranges::distance(r2):

1,2) At most min(N1,N2) applications of pred, proj1 and proj2.

3,4)𝓞(min(N1,N2)) applications of pred, proj1 and proj2.

Exceptions

3,4) During the execution process:

If the temporary memory resources required for parallelization are not available,

std::bad_alloc

is thrown.

If an uncaught exception is thrown while accessing objects via an algorithm argument, the behavior is determined by the execution policy (for

standard policies

,

std::terminate

is invoked).

Notes

Feature-test

macroValueStdFeature

__cpp_lib_ranges_starts_ends_with

202106L

(C++23)std::ranges::starts_with, std::ranges::ends_withPossible implementation

structstarts_with_fn{template<std::input_iteratorI1,std::sentinel_for<I1>S1,std::input_iteratorI2,std::sentinel_for<I2>S2,classPred=ranges::equal_to,classProj1=std::identity,classProj2=std::identity>requiresstd::indirectly_comparable<I1,I2,Pred,Proj1,Proj2>constexprbooloperator()(I1first1,S1last1,I2first2,S2last2,Predpred={},Proj1proj1={},Proj2proj2={})const{returnranges::mismatch(std::move(first1),last1,std::move(first2),last2,std::move(pred),std::move(proj1),std::move(proj2)).in2==last2;}template<ranges::input_rangeR>constexprautoget_end(R&&r){returnranges::end(r);}template<ranges::forward_rangeR>constexprautoget_end(R&&r){returnranges::next(ranges::begin(r),ranges::end(r));}template<ranges::input_rangeR1,ranges::input_rangeR2,classPred=ranges::equal_to,classProj1=std::identity,classProj2=std::identity>requiresstd::indirectly_comparable<ranges::iterator_t<R1>,ranges::iterator_t<R2>,Pred,Proj1,Proj2>constexprbooloperator()(R1&&r1,R2&&r2,Predpred={},Proj1proj1={},Proj2proj2={})const{return(*this)(ranges::begin(r1),get_end(r1),ranges::begin(r2),get_end(r2),std::move(pred),std::move(proj1),std::move(proj2));}};inlineconstexprstarts_with_fnstarts_with{};Example

Run this code

#include<algorithm>#include<iostream>#include<ranges>#include<string_view>intmain(){usingnamespacestd::literals;constexprautoascii_upper=[](char8_tc){returnu8'a'<=c&&c<=u8'z'?static_cast<char8_t>(c+u8'A'-u8'a'):c;};constexprautocmp_ignore_case=[=](char8_tx,char8_ty){returnascii_upper(x)==ascii_upper(y);};static_assert(std::ranges::starts_with("const_cast","const"sv));static_assert(std::ranges::starts_with("constexpr","const"sv));static_assert(!std::ranges::starts_with("volatile","const"sv));std::cout<<std::boolalpha<<std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Constantinopolis",u8"constant"sv,{},ascii_upper,ascii_upper)<<' '<<std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Istanbul",u8"constant"sv,{},ascii_upper,ascii_upper)<<' '<<std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Metropolis",u8"metro"sv,cmp_ignore_case)<<' '<<std::ranges::starts_with(u8"Acropolis",u8"metro"sv,cmp_ignore_case)<<'\n';constexprstaticautov={1,3,5,7,9};constexprautoodd=[](intx){returnx%2;};static_assert(std::ranges::starts_with(v,std::views::iota(1)|std::views::filter(odd)|std::views::take(3)));}Output:

true false true false See also

(C++23)

checks whether a range ends with another range
(algorithm function object)

[edit]

(C++20)

finds the first position where two ranges differ
(algorithm function object)

[edit]

(C++20)

checks if the string starts with the given prefix
(public member function of std::basic_string<CharT,Traits,Allocator>)

[edit]

(C++20)

checks if the string view starts with the given prefix
(public member function of std::basic_string_view<CharT,Traits>)

[edit]