From cppreference.com
Defined in header
template<classT>conceptview=ranges::range<T>&&std::movable<T>&&ranges::enable_view<T>; (1) (since C++20)template<classT>constexprboolenable_view=std::derived_from<T,view_base>||/*is-derived-from-view-interface*/<T>; (2) (since C++20)structview_base{}; (3) (since C++20)1) The view concept specifies the requirements of a
type that has suitable semantic properties for use in constructing range adaptor pipelines.
2) The enable_view variable template is used to indicate whether a
is a view. /*is-derived-from-view-interface*/<T> is true if and only if T has exactly one public base class ranges::view_interface<U> for some type U, and T has no base classes of type ranges::view_interface<V> for any other type V.
Users may specialize enable_view to true for cv-unqualified program-defined types which model view, and false for types which do not. Such specializations must be
usable in constant expressions
and have type constbool.
3) Deriving from view_base enables
types to model view.
Semantic requirements
1)T models view only if:
move construction of T has constant time complexity, and
if N copies and/or moves are made from a T object holding M elements, then these N objects have 𝓞(N+M) destruction (which implies that a moved-from view object has 𝓞(1) destruction), and
either std::copy_constructible<T> is false, or copy construction of T has constant time complexity, and
either std::copyable<T> is false, or copy assignment of T has no more time complexity than destruction followed by copy construction.
Specializations
Specializations of enable_view for all specializations of the following standard templates are defined as true:
Notes
Examples of view types are:
A
type that wraps a pair of iterators, e.g., std::ranges::subrange<I>.
A
type that holds its elements by
and shares ownership with all its copies.
A
type that generates its elements on demand, e.g.,
.
A copyable container such as std::vector<std::string> generally does not meet the semantic requirements of view since copying the container copies all of the elements, which cannot be done in constant time.
While views were originally described as cheaply copyable and non-owning ranges, a type is not required to be copyable or non-owning for it to model view. However, it must still be cheap to copy (if it is copyable), move, assign, and destroy, so that
will not have unexpected complexity.
By default, a type modeling
and
is considered a view if it is publicly and unambiguously derived from view_base, or exactly one specialization of std::ranges::view_interface.
Example
A minimum view.
#include<ranges>structArchetypalView:std::ranges::view_interface<ArchetypalView>{int*begin();int*end();};static_assert(std::ranges::view<ArchetypalView>);Defect reports
The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to previously published C++ standards.
DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
C++20 view required
does not require
C++20 enable_view did not detect inheritance from view_interfacedetects
C++20 the restriction on the time complexity of destruction was too strict relaxed