Lung metastases: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

Lung metastases are cancerous tumors that start somewhere else in the body and spread to the lungs.

Chemotherapy

is often used to treat metastatic cancer to the lung. Surgery to remove the tumors may be done when any of the following occurs:

The cancer has spread to only limited areas of the lung

The lung tumors can be completely removed with surgery

However, the main tumor must be curable, and the person must be strong enough to go through the surgery and recovery.

Other treatments include:

Radiation therapy

Immunotherapy

Targeted systemic therapy

The placement of

stents

inside the airways

Laser therapy

Using local heat probes to destroy the cancer

Using very cold temperature probes to destroy the cancer

You can ease the stress of illness by joining a

support group

where members share common experiences and problems.

A cure is unlikely in most cases of cancers that have spread to the lungs. But the outlook depends on the main cancer. In some cases, a person can live more than 5 years with metastatic cancer to the lungs.

Complications of metastatic tumors in the lungs may include:

Fluid between the lung and chest wall (

pleural effusion

), which can cause shortness of breath or pain when taking a deep breath

Further spread of the cancer

Contact your provider if you have a history of cancer and you develop:

Coughing up blood

Persistent cough

Shortness of breath

Unexplained weight loss

Not all cancers can be prevented. However, the chance of getting

many cancers can be reduced

by:

Eating healthy foods

Exercising regularly

Limiting alcohol consumption

Not smoking

Metastases to the lung; Metastatic cancer to the lung; Lung cancer - metastases; Lung mets

Arenberg DA, Reddy RM. Metastatic malignant tumors. In: Broaddus VC, Ernst JD, King TE, et al, eds. Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2022:chap 79.

Hayman J, Naidoo J, Ettinger DS. Lung metastases. In: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, eds. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 57.

National Cancer Institute website. Metastatic cancer: When cancer spreads.

www.cancer.gov/types/metastatic-cancer

. Updated January 17, 2025. Accessed May 31, 2026.

Rossetti NE, Tohmasi S, Onaitis MW, Kozower BD. Lung, chest wall, pleura, and mediastinum. In: Tyler DS, Hayes-Dixon A, Hines OJ, et al, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery: The Biological Basis of Modern Surgical Practice. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2026:chap 110.

Updated by: Warren Brenner, MD, Oncologist, Lynn Cancer Institute, Boca Raton, FL. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David C. Dugdale, MD, Medical Director, Brenda Conaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.